By Abayomi Ajayi
You may or may not have heard many things about adenomyosis, but it remains a perplexing problem. Adenomyosis is basically a uterine disorder where the cells that normally form a lining inside the uterus, also grow in the muscle wall of the uterus.
It is a condition that causes the uterus to thicken and enlarge. It occurs when the endometrial tissue grows into the outer muscular walls of the uterus, causing the uterus to enlarge in size and leading to abnormal uterine bleeding and painful periods.
Although it is not a life-threatening condition on its own, it can cause severe discomfort and lead to complications.
The displaced tissue continues to act normally every month which means thickening, breaking down, and bleeding during each menstrual cycle. This eventually causes the related symptoms and makes the uterine walls grow thicker. It is necessary to be aware that adenomyosis and endometriosis are different. Both are disorders that involve the endometrial tissue and both conditions can be painful.
Although some women with endometriosis often have similar symptoms, they are different conditions. In endometriosis, cells similar to those that line the uterus are found in other parts of the body.
Adenomyosis is more likely to cause heavy menstrual bleeding. The endometrial tissue grows into the muscle of the uterus in adenomyosis, while for endometriosis, it grows outside the uterus and may involve the ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic side walls, or bowel. You should consult your doctor if you suspect either adenomyosis or endometriosis.
The true cause of adenomyosis remains unknown. But it is established that its growth depends on estrogen which is why it is seen in women in their reproductive years. The main symptom is mild to severe pain, but you may not experience pain at all. Other symptoms may include prolonged menstrual cramps, heavy menstrual bleeding or pain during sexual intercourse.
Diagnosis includes a complete medical evaluation. Non-invasive diagnosis is possible and the primary test recommended is a transvaginal ultrasound. The test should preferably be performed by a gynaecologist with an understanding of the disease and your medical history.
